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The ionization of a quantum system (atoms, molecules, ions) is called nonlinear if the condition < Ei is fulfilled, where is the photon energy of radiation (or frequency) and Ei is the binding energy of the outermost electron in this system.
The ionization of a quantum system (atoms, molecules, ions) is called nonlinear if the condition < Ei is fulfilled, where is the photon energy of radiation (or frequency) and Ei is the binding energy of the outermost electron in this system.